第一部在纽约取景的电影

Q.What was the first movie shot on location in New York City?

问：第一部在纽约市实地拍摄的电影是哪一部？
A. While Thomas A. Edison’s Kinetoscopes had been introduced in Manhattan in 1894, those films, which ran on a loop, were enclosed in a wooden cabinet and viewed only through an eyepiece.
答：1894年，托马斯·A·爱迪生(Thomas A. Edison)的活动电影放映机(Kinetoscopes)被引入曼哈顿。这个机器的原理是：胶片被封闭在木柜里，在一个循环的回路上转动，只能通过目镜观看。
第一部在纽约取景的电影

The first film shot on location that was made to be projected on a screen was probably “Herald Square,” which was shot on May 11, 1896, by an Edison assistant, William Heise. He used a new camera that had been designed by Edison for shooting outdoor scenes, according to “Celluloid Skyline: New York and the Movies,” by James Sanders (Alfred A. Knopf, 2002). Just three weeks earlier, America’s first projected motion pictures were being shown near Herald Square in Koster & Bial’s Music Hall on 34th Street, where Macy’s now sits.

第一部实地拍摄、计划投影到银幕上的电影很可能是《先驱广场》(Herald Square)。它是1896年5月11日由爱迪生的助手威廉·海斯(William Heise)拍摄的。据詹姆斯·桑德斯(James Sanders)的书《电影天际线：纽约与电影》（Celluloid Skyline: New York and the Movies，克诺夫出版社，2002年）说，海斯当时用的是爱迪生设计的一款用于拍摄户外场景的新摄像机。就在三周前，美国的第一部投影电影在先驱广场附近第34街上的科斯特&比亚尔音乐厅(Koster & Bial’s Music Hall)放映。如今，先驱广场是梅西百货(Macy’s)的所在地。
“Looking out at the bright spring scene, he could see the energetic heart of a great city, bursting with life,” Mr. Sanders wrote of Mr. Heise. “Well-dressed pedestrians mingled with the surging traffic along 34th Street. The elevated train roared periodically along tracks above Sixth Avenue.”
“透过窗外灿烂的春天景致，他能看到这座伟大城市充满活力与生机的心脏，”桑德斯写道。文中的“他”指的是海斯。“穿着考究的行人与第34街上汹涌的交通工具混在一起。第六大道上方的铁轨上不时有高架火车呼啸而过。”
These documentary films, just a minute or two long, were called actualities; they had no plots, stories or characters. They were soon supplanted by story films, Mr. Sanders wrote, especially chase scenes with police officers and criminals.
这些纪录片只有一两分钟，它们没有情节、故事或人物,当时被称为现况片(actualities)。桑德斯写道，它们很快被故事片取代，特别是警匪追逐的场景。

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